Conveners
Physics of Nuclei and Elementary Particles
- Mark Gorenstein (BITP NASU)
Structure and nuclear reactions in hypernuclear systems are highly relevant at present. The increased amount of new experimental data over the past decades supports such interest in these objects. The interaction of the Λ particles with nucleons is responsible for forming light and weakly bound hypernuclei. Among them is the $^7_{\Lambda}$Li hypernucleus. One of the interesting features of...
The study of reaction dynamics in nuclear and hypernuclear systems is one of the most interesting and relatively new areas of modern nuclear physics and astrophysics. Numerous experimental and theoretical investigations in this area provide a deeper understanding of the properties of dense nuclear matter, as well as the structure of unusual objects in interstellar space, such as neutron stars....
Although the Standard Model (SM) has proven remarkably effective in accounting for a wide range of experimental data from particle colliders, it remains an incomplete framework. It does not account for several key phenomena, such as the oscillations of active neutrinos, the observed matter–antimatter imbalance in the Universe, and the nature of dark matter. Consequently, the SM requires...
In many theoretical models describing the evolution of the early Universe, topological defects appear, in particular in the form of magnetic cosmic strings \cite{Vil}. String models are used not only in the physics of the early Universe, but also in the physics of gadrons and continuous media. In particular, structures analogous to cosmic strings arise in the theory of superconductivity. Here,...
Understanding the phase structure of strongly interacting matter is a central goal of ongoing and future heavy-ion experiments, such as RHIC's Beam Energy Scan (BES) and FAIR's Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) program. These efforts aim to explore the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram at high baryon densities, where a critical point and a first-order phase transition are conjectured...
The thermodynamic properties of an interacting pion system composed of particles and antiparticles are studied at finite high temperatures and densities, which may arise in relativistic collisions of individual particles and entire atomic nuclei. Systems containing both particles and antiparticles are considered under the condition of isospin (charge) density conservation. The results are...
Fundamental questions on the nature of matter and energy have found answers thanks to the use of particle accelerators. However, the accelerating field in superconducting radio-frequency cavities due to electrical breakdown is limited to about 100 MV/m. This limits the amount of acceleration over any given length, requiring very long accelerators to reach high energies. To overcome this...
We calculate non-Gaussian cumulants of particle number near the 3D-Ising critical point by means of GPU-accelerated molecular dynamics simulations. We perform ensemble averaging with large statistics, and study the equilibration of cumulants near the critical point. We find that scaled variance, skewness, and kurtosis reflect the expected critical behavior of fluctuations and equilibrate on...
In heavy-ion collisions, as two nuclei go through each other and form hot and dense matter they also transfer some of the angular momentum to the fireball, resulting in the non-zero vorticity. The connection between the initial-state, equation of state and vorticity exists and is of special interest. In this case coarse-graining of non-central Au+Au heavy-ion collisions at $E_{lab}=1.23$...
Despite the undeniable success of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM), there remain several phenomena, such as neutrino oscillations, the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, and dark matter, that the SM fails to explain. These phenomena clearly indicate the need for an extension of the SM, most likely involving new particles beyond its current framework. However, there is also a...
