We present the relation between cumulants of a conserved charge measured in a subvolume of a thermal system and the corresponding grand-canonical susceptibilities, taking into account exact global conservation of all QCD charges. The derivation is presented for an arbitrary equation of state, with the assumption that the subvolume is sufficiently large to be close to the thermodynamic limit....
The report is devoted to lattice study of QCD equation of state (EoS) at finite baryon chemical potential and nonzero external magnetic field. The simulations are performed with rooted dynamical staggered $u$, $d$, and $s$ quarks at physical quark masses. In view of the sign problem, the study is carried out at imaginary chemical potential. The results are analytically continued to real...
The role of repulsive interactions in statistical systems of Bose particles is investigated. Three different phenomenological frameworks are considered: a mean field model, an excluded volume model, and a model with a medium dependent effective mass. All three models are tuned to yield similar equations of state, with only minor deviations from the ideal Bose gas at small chemical potentials....
We revisit the Polyakov Loop coupled Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model that maintains the Polyakov loop dynamics at zero temperature, which is the most interesting for astrophysical applications. For this purpose we re-examine potential for the deconfinement order parameter at finite baryonic densities. Secondly, and the most important, we explicitly demonstrate that naive modification of this...
The theoretical description of the femtoscopy scales in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at different energies and for different colliding ion pairs (Au + Au collisions at the top RHIC energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV, the LHC Xe + Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.44$ TeV) is provided within the...
The Standard Model (SM) is a particle physics theory that is consistent up to very high energy scales and verified in numerous experiments up to $\sim 14$ TeV. However, it fails to explain some phenomena such as massiveness of neutrinos, dark matter, dark energy, baryon asymmetry of the Universe etc. Therefore SM is incomplete and requires an extension.
One possible approach is by...
The Standard Model (SM) is a particle physics theory that is consistent up to very high energy scales and verified in numerous experiments up to $\sim 14$ TeV. However, it fails to explain some phenomena such as massiveness of neutrinos, dark matter, dark energy, baryon asymmetry of the Universe etc. Therefore, SM is incomplete and requires an extension.
One possible approach is by...
I will start my talk with the review of the exciting story of thermoelectricity in which were involved such famous scientists as Luigi Galvani, Alessandro Volta, Thomas Seebeck, Jean Charles Athanase Peltier, Walter Nernst, William Tompson, Nevil Mott, Lars Onsager, philosopher Georg Wilhelm Hegel, political figures like Napoléon Bonaparte.
Then I will pass to the main concepts of...
In recent years nanoscale transistors gain more scientific interest. The single-molecule transistor, where vibrating molecule is placed between two massive electrodes, appears to be a challenging device for further fundamental study and application in electronics. In this device along with the possibility of elastic tunneling the electrons can tunnel inelastically, emitting or absorbing...
Bulk TMDs are typically non-polar centrosymmetric semiconductors with a relatively wide band gap ~(1.1 – 2) eV [1], however, on transition from the bulk form to the nanoscale additional orderings emerge [2, 3]. The properties of low-dimensional (LD) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a chemical formula MX2 (M – metal Mo, W, Re; X – chalcogen S, Se, Te) and Janus-compounds (JC) with a...
Ferroelectrics are among the most interesting objects for fundamental and applied studies of spontaneous polarization dynamics. Special efforts are intended to answer the question on how complex topological states such as flux-closure domains, polarization vortices, or skyrmions, which sometimes exist in nanosized ferroelectrics, can be controlled by elastic forces and/or electric...
When we drive quantum two-level systems (or qubits) by periodical signals, we obtain repeatedly Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) transitions, which relates to the tunneling in qubits [1]. Recent interest for studying these repeated transitions is caused by the success in creation of the first quantum computing machines which are based on different types of connected driven qubits. We...
A double quantum dot system is a mesoscopic system with quantum properties in a semiconductor. It is one of the realizations of a two-qubit system. An external periodical driving of parameters of the system with avoided-level crossing causes nonadiabatic transitions and results in coherent interference fringes in the system’s occupation probabilities. For qubits with repelling energy levels,...
We study quasi-one-dimensional arrays of inductively coupled Josephson junctions with only self-inductance of a cell taken into account. A 2-row anisotropic Josephson junction ladder (JJL) has a flat band in the linear electromagnetic wave spectrum [1]. We derive the equations of motion for a 3-row anisotropic JJL and generalise them for a ladder with an arbitrary number of rows $ \kappa \geq...
The properties of nearby compact star-forming galaxies determined from recent studies are discussed. These galaxies are very similar to the galaxies in the early Universe and can be considered as building blocks for formation of giant galaxies. The important features of compact star-forming galaxies are low masses, low content of elements heavier than helium, and a very high star-forming...
Dark matter (DM) remains one of the greatest problems to our understanding of cosmology.
In this talk I will briefly review several SM extensions which naturally provide dark matter candidates, including sterile neutrino, axion-like particles and dark photons. We will review existing constraints on the parameters of DM candidates and perspectives for indirect DM searches as well as discuss...
Galaxy clusters are the largest virialised objects in the Universe, and as such, have a high dark matter (DM) concentration. This abundance of dark matter makes them promising targets for indirect DM searches. Here we report the details of a search, utilising almost 12 years of Fermi/LAT data, for gamma ray signatures from the pair annihilation of WIMP dark matter in the GeV energy band. From...
We study the thermal evolution of neutron stars described within the equation of state with induced surface tension (IST) that reproduces properties of normal nuclear matter, fulfills the proton flow constraint, provides a high-quality description of hadron multiplicities created during the nuclear-nuclear collision experiments, and it is equally compatible with the constraints from...
The ultra-violet luminosity functions (UV LFs) of the galaxies allow constraining the dark matter particle properties. In the warm dark matter scenario, the formation of low-mass galaxies is suppressed, which may impact the UV LFs.
We have performed the Bayesian inference on warm and cold dark matter scenarios via UV LFs at z=6, 7, 8. We have found that there is no significant preference...
The Chromospheric Layer Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP2) was launched on April 11, 2019, from White Sands Missile Range on a sounding rocket and reached an altitude of 274 km above the sea level in the thermosphere. For five minutes in operation, it observed three different targets on the Sun: a quiet disc center, an active plage, and a quiet limb. One-dimensional slit spectra were taken in all...
We present the sample of 18 846 spectroscopically confirmed AGNs found throughout radio to X-ray spectral bands. The sample consists of 10 344 AGNs selected among SDSS radio galaxies (Best, P. N.; Heckman, T. M., 2012 ), 5 536 galaxies with z < 0.09 from All-sky Optical AGN Catalogue (Zaw I., Chen Y.-P., Farrar G.R., 2019) and 3 345 AGNs from 3 catalogues in X-ray band - 1 632 from Swift BAT...
The ultralight dark matter (ULDM) model (also known as fuzzy dark matter or Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter) is one of alternatives to the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm. It suggests that the dark matter particles are ultralight bosons with a tiny mass order of $10^{-22}$ eV, so that their de Broglie wavelength is of kiloparsec scale, that helps to resolve CDM tensions on the small...
One of the main possible ways to create the supermassive black hole (SMBH) is a so-called hierarchical merging scenario. At the final phase of interacting and colliding host galaxies, the central SMBHs are observed as SMBH binary (SMBHB) candidates at different separations from hundreds of pc to mpc. But only several triple SMBHs systems have been detected so far.
One of them is a well...
Magnetar wind nebulae (MWNe), created by new-born millisecond magnetars, and magnetar giant flares are PeVatron candidates and even potential sources of ultra high energy (E>1018 eV) cosmic rays (UHECRs). Nonthermal high-energy (HE, E>100 MeV) and very high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) γ-ray emission from magnetars neighbourhoods should be a promising signature of acceleration processes. We...
Measurements made recently by the STAR collaboration show that the Lambda hyperons produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are subject to global spin polarization with respect to an axis coincident with the axis of rotation of the produced matter. Recently formulated formalism of relativistic hydrodynamics with spin, which is a generalization of the standard hydrodynamics, is a natural...
The talk is devoted to QCD phase diagram studies, including the region of large baryon density that will be probed at NICA.
Recently it has been shown that in the large-Nc limit (Nc is the number of colors of quarks) there exist duality correspondences (symmetries) in the phase portrait, which are the symmetries of the thermodynamic potential and the phase structure itself. The first one is a...
Regge theory is the only valid framework to describe soft scattering processes where the perturbative QCD is not applicable. In Regge theory, the particle diffraction is treated as an exchange of some 'object' called Pomeron (which in some way generalizes a particle — in particular, it is described by variable complex angular momentum which generalizes a spin). That approach was found...
Graph states generated by operator of evolution with Ising Hamiltonian are studied. The geometric measure of entanglement of the states is quantified analytically. For this purpose relation of the geometric measure of entanglement with the mean value of the spin is used (the relation was obtained in [1]). Also, quantum protocol for preparing graph states of spin system with Ising...
We introduce the effective form factors for one-dimensional lattice fermions with arbitrary phase shifts. We study tau functions defined as series of these form factors. On the one hand we perform the exact summation and present tau functions as Fredholm determinants in the thermodynamic limit. On the other hand simple expressions of form factors allow us to present the corresponding series as...
Microscale active systems such as swarms of swimming bacteria and cell tissues demonstrate fascinating dynamics that can potentially be used in applications ranging from micro-robotics to regenerative medicine. Control of this dynamics in isotropic media such as water is difficult. We describe an approach in which instead of an isotropic medium, the dynamics of micro-organisms is guided by a...
We propose to use the apparatus of Kirkwood-Buff theory [1] in combination with Carnahan-Starling model [2] and Mansoori [3] equations of state together with the relevant phenomenological information, which obtained from the direct observations, to describe compressibility and compactivity of bi-dispersive many-particle conglomerations (liquid [4] and granular mixtures [5]). By use of above...
Monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are two-dimensional direct-gap systems that host tightly-bound excitons with an internal degree of freedom corresponding to the valley of the constituting carriers. Strong spin-orbit interaction and the resulting ordering of the spin-split subbands in the valence and conduction bands makes the lowest-lying excitons in WX$_2$ (X...
This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies and control of the properties (dispersion, polarization, phase and spatial distribution, directivity, optical spin) of surface electromagnetic waves localized on anisotropic resonant metasurfaces in the optical, near-IR and microwave ranges.
It is known [1] that in systems with Cooper pairing a specific collective excitations can exist, such as: the Anderson–Bogoliubov mode (oscillations of the phase of the order parameter), the Schmid mode (oscillations of the modulus of the order parameter), and the Carlson–Goldman mode (coupled oscillations of the phase of the order parameter and the scalar potential). These modes can exist...
Regular domain structures (RDS) with submicron period are widely used in nonlinear optics, non-volatile memory and laser investigations, which causes a significant interest in research to create the new methods for its fabrication. Classical methods of the RDSs formation do not allow us to achieve the required high precision necessary for modern devices. Within the framework of the Landau –...
Magnetic vortex is known to form a ground state of magnetic nanodisk with easy-plane anisotropy [1]. A perpendicularly magnetized disk in a nanostack can also support the vortex state due to the interlayer exchange coupling with the vortex state thick layer [2].
Fig.1: Phase diagram of different...
An emerging field of curvilinear magnetizm brings about new geometry-induced phenomena in usual magnetic materials, balancing between fundamental research, material sciences and technologies [1]. Modern technological advances allow to consider antiferromagnets (AFMs) as promising building blocks for spintronic and spin-orbitronic applications [2]. In this respect, curvilinear spin chains with...
In the present work we calculated size characteristics of periodic hyperbranched polymers in dilute solution in the vicinity of the $\theta$ point using the continuous chain model. This model in its Gaussian approximation allows to receive exact solutions. Both the gyration radius and the hydrodynamic radius were calculated for the bottle-brush polymer and a tree-like one. We considered the...
Accuracy of genetic information implementation in living cells is largely due to the peculiarities of the structure and variability of DNA double helix. The regulation of genetic activity, stability and security of genetic texts, reading and translation of genetic information, all of these important biological processes take place because of the unique properties of the DNA double helix, which...
After almost seventy years from the discovery of DNA double helix structure, we know very much about nucleic acid organization and functions. However, there are still many structural and dynamical features - at different spatial and time scales - that have to be understood better. Molecular simulations are essential to understand many properties at the molecular level. With a fast increase in...
Binary liquid mixtures of alcohols and ethers are of importance as potential biofuels or additives for internal combustion engines,[1] and have also attracted fundamental interest as model liquid systems containing one component (the alcohol) that can strongly self-associate through hydrogen bonding (HB), and one that cannot self-associate via HBs (ether), yet can interact strongly with the...
Approximations for the molecular dipole moment vector as well as for the spatial distributions of the charge density and electrostatic potential in terms of localized contributions associated with individual atoms and covalent bonds are discussed. The application of recently proposed CLPO method [1] yielding the chemically meaningful set of localized orbitals particularly suitable for this...
The structure of DNA double helix is stabilized by metal counterions condensed to a diffuse layer around the macromolecule. The dynamics of counterions in real conditions is governed by the electric fields from DNA and other biological macromolecules. In the present work, the molecular dynamics study was performed for the system of DNA double helix with neutralizing K$^+$ counterions and for...
Water and ions around DNA macromolecule are paramount for the stability of the double helix structure and found to mediate the vital biological process such as nucleic-protein recognition, and the interaction with the biologically active compounds. DNA interacts strongly with surrounding water molecules and counterions making the hydration shell with different structural and dynamical features...
Our report is devoted to a brief exposition of methodics of the description of potential electron scattering on complex molecules. In the Additivity Rule approach the differential and integral cross-sections of elastic electron scattering by amino acids biomolecules, threonine and tyrosine are calculated.
Expressions for amplitudes and cross sections of electron scattering on molecules in the...
